007
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Casino Royale (1953)
Live And Let Die (1954)
Moonraker (1955)
Diamonds Are Forever (1956)
From Russia With Love (1957)
Doctor No (1958)
Goldfinger (1959)
The Hildebrand Rarity (1960)
For Your Eyes Only (1960)
Risico (1960)
Quantum Of Solace (1960)
From A View To A Kill (1960)
Thunderball (1961)
The Spy Who Loved Me (1962)
The Living Daylights (1962)
The Property Of A Lady (1963)
On Her Majesty's Secret Service (1963)
You Only Live Twice (1964)
The Man With The Golden Gun (1965)*
Octopussy (1965)*
* Published posthumously
OTHER WORKS:
Thrilling Cities (1963)
Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1964)
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Ian Lancaster Fleming was born in 1908 into an affluent family, who made made
their money in banking. His father, Major Valentine Fleming, was a
stockbroker who helped raise the capital to construct Atcheson Topeka and Santa Fe
railroad. He was also a Conservative M.P., but was killed in World War I; the author's
mother was Evelyn St. Croix Fleming. He was educated at Eton, where he
was not particularly academic, but he excelled at Athletics. He subsequently went on to
study at Oxford University, but soon dropped out, whereafter he enlisted for the Army
Officer Training course at Sandhurst. A casual encounter with a woman in a
nightclub, however, resulted in Fleming contracting an illness which would force him to
also drop out of that career.
He spent some time studying in Europe (Munich and and then tried to get a job with the
Foreign Office, unsuccessfully. Eventually he became a journalist, working for Reuters
news agency and achieved some degree of recognition. In 1933, however, he left this
career, deciding instead to make his fortune working as a stockbroker in the City of
London.
By all accounts, he was not terribly proficient at this new job, although it did afford
him an enviable lifestyle, with an upmarket bachelor pad, a succession of exotic sports
cars and a string of beautiful women. He and a group of like-minded friends founded a
somewhat hedonistic "society" - "Le Cercle Gastronomique Et Des Jeux
d'Hasard" - whose main ambitions were gambling and eating well. Fleming adored
playing the part of the Playboy, in the liberal Thirties. |

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Shortly after the outbreak of World War II, he was invited to join a junior British
Government Minister, Robert Hudson, on a trade mission to Moscow and he
was appointed Special Correspondent to "The Times" newspaper. It later
transpired that Fleming, as with many other well-heeled young men, had been recruited by
the Secret Service and this was low-level mission. This was perhaps not altogether
surprising, as Fleming's older brother, Peter, worked in Military Intelligence. By June of
the same year, he was working as Personal Assistant to the Admiral John H. Godfrey,
Director of Naval Intelligence as the Admiralty, meeting with agents as they reported back
from missions and liaising between his department and MI6. Later, his fictional spy would
also share Fleming's background in Naval Intelligence.
He discovered that he had a flair for this line of work - his imagination helped him to
devise elaborate intelligence operations and he was soon awarded greater responsibility.
In 1941 he flew to the U.S. to advise them on Secret Service matters - indeed, Fleming is
credited with helping the then inexperienced Americans form the basis of what is now the
C.I.A. In contrast to his creation, however, Fleming spent most of his time behind an
Admiralty desk, rather than on active service. It was during this period of time that he
met his wife, Anne, who was at the time married to Lord Rothermere.
After the war Fleming was a foreign manager of Kemsley Newspapers, a post he
held until the newspaper group became Thomson Newspapers in 1959. He had told friends that
he intended to write the ultimate spy novel, but his first novel, "Casino
Royale" would not be published until April 1953. From then on, he wrote roughly one a
year, mostly at his Jamaican holiday retreat, "Goldeneye" (named after a Secret
Service operation in which he had been involved). He had fallen in love with the country
whilst on an overseas trip with the Admiralty. In between writing Fleming developed a
passion for treasurehunting, both in the Caribbean Islands and Seychelles, where he
followed old pirate's maps and tales, but also in England.
His health, however, was failing and he spent much time in health spas
and increasing periods of time at Goldeneye, whilst his wife stayed in England. In spite
of doctors' warnings, Fleming continued to work tirelessly on his books and drove himself
in his favourite outdoor activities. The final heart attack which ended his life came at
the Royal St. George's Golf Course in Sandwich, Kent on 12 August, 1964.
Fleming's depiction of Bond's lifestyle was based on a combination of his
own habits and those to which he aspired. "007" is a gastranomme, with
impeccable manners and faultless knowledge of Vintage Wines and Champagnes. We see Bond
playing Chemin de Fer at Casinos throughout the world. Fleming was a highly skilled
gambler; his prose on the subject in the novels could only have been written by someone
with an innate understanding of the sport. Similarly, Fleming's passion for Golf was
transferred to his creation - we see Bond play a round at Stoke Poges Course against
"Auric Goldfinger" (incidentally, that golfing bug would be passed on to Sean
Connery during filming). The author certainly shared "007"s casual
attitude towards women (in general) and sex (in particular).
Fleming's finely tuned characterisation of James Bond has stood the test of
time, notwithstanding minor cosmetic changes in line with current fashion. He, more than
possibly anyone else, had the vision of Bond on the big screen - indeed, his novels
themselves were often written specifically for this purpose - and his writing style lends
itself to this treatment. Whilst the secret agent may now have succombed to a degree of
political correctness, most secretly admire Bond's lifestyle - even if it is an
exaggeration of Fleming's own experiences.
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